100 MCQs on Sinus with Answers (anatomy, physiology, pathology, investigations, treatment & clinical).
Section A: Anatomy & Physiology (1–10)
1 – Which of the following is NOT a paranasal sinus?
a) Frontal
b) Maxillary
c) Ethmoidal
d) Temporal
👉 Answer: d) Temporal
2 – The largest paranasal sinus is:
a) Frontal
b) Maxillary
c) Sphenoid
d) Ethmoid
👉 Answer: b) Maxillary
3- Which sinus is present at birth?
a) Frontal
b) Maxillary
c) Sphenoid
d) Ethmoid
👉 Answer: b) Maxillary
4- The last sinus to develop is:
a) Ethmoid
b) Sphenoid
c) Maxillary
d) Frontal
👉 Answer: d) Frontal
5- The ostium of maxillary sinus opens into:
a) Middle meatus
b) Inferior meatus
c) Superior meatus
d) Sphenoethmoidal recess
👉 Answer: a) Middle meatus
6- Drainage of frontal sinus occurs into:
a) Superior meatus
b) Middle meatus
c) Inferior meatus
d) Sphenoethmoidal recess
👉 Answer: b) Middle meatus
7- Sphenoid sinus opens into:
a) Middle meatus
b) Inferior meatus
c) Superior meatus
d) Sphenoethmoidal recess
👉 Answer: d) Sphenoethmoidal recess
8- Which sinus is most commonly affected by infection?
a) Frontal
b) Ethmoid
c) Maxillary
d) Sphenoid
👉 Answer: c) Maxillary
9- Sinuses are lined by which type of epithelium?
a) Stratified squamous
b) Transitional
c) Respiratory epithelium (ciliated columnar)
d) Cuboidal
👉 Answer: c) Respiratory epithelium
10- Function of paranasal sinuses include all EXCEPT:
a) Lightening skull weight
b) Resonance of voice
c) Humidifying air
d) Oxygen exchange
👉 Answer: d) Oxygen exchange
Section B: Sinusitis – General (11–20)
11 – Most common cause of acute sinusitis is:
a) Fungal infection
b) Viral infection
c) Allergic reaction
d) Trauma
👉 Answer: b) Viral infection
12 – Most common bacterial organism in acute sinusitis:
a) H. influenzae
b) Streptococcus pneumoniae
c) Moraxella catarrhalis
d) Pseudomonas
👉 Answer: b) Streptococcus pneumoniae
13 – The gold standard investigation for sinusitis is:
a) X-ray paranasal sinus
b) CT scan PNS
c) MRI brain
d) Nasal endoscopy
👉 Answer: b) CT scan PNS
14 – Which sinusitis is most likely to cause orbital complications?
a) Frontal
b) Ethmoid
c) Sphenoid
d) Maxillary
👉 Answer: b) Ethmoid
15 – Pain in maxillary sinusitis radiates to:
a) Forehead
b) Upper jaw & teeth
c) Occiput
d) Behind eyes
👉 Answer: b) Upper jaw & teeth
16 – Frontal sinusitis commonly causes pain in:
a) Upper jaw
b) Forehead
c) Vertex
d) Behind eyes
👉 Answer: b) Forehead
17 – Sphenoid sinusitis causes pain in:
a) Cheek
b) Forehead
c) Vertex/Occiput
d) Teeth
👉 Answer: c) Vertex/Occiput
18 – Ethmoidal sinusitis causes pain in:
a) Inner canthus of eye
b) Forehead
c) Cheek
d) Occiput
👉 Answer: a) Inner canthus of eye
19 – The condition where all sinuses are infected is called:
a) Pansinusitis
b) Polyposis
c) Rhinitis
d) Empyema
👉 Answer: a) Pansinusitis
20 – Which sinusitis is known as “dangerous sinusitis”?
a) Frontal
b) Ethmoid
c) Maxillary
d) Sphenoid
👉 Answer: d) Sphenoid
Section C: Chronic Sinusitis & Complications (21–30)
21 – Chronic sinusitis is defined as symptoms lasting more than:
a) 2 weeks
b) 4 weeks
c) 8 weeks
d) 12 weeks
👉 Answer: d) 12 weeks
22 – Most common complication of sinusitis:
a) Brain abscess
b) Orbital cellulitis
c) Osteomyelitis
d) Septicemia
👉 Answer: b) Orbital cellulitis
23 – Pott’s puffy tumor is a complication of:
a) Ethmoid sinusitis
b) Maxillary sinusitis
c) Frontal sinusitis
d) Sphenoid sinusitis
👉 Answer: c) Frontal sinusitis
24 – Cavernous sinus thrombosis is most commonly due to:
a) Ethmoid sinusitis
b) Maxillary sinusitis
c) Sphenoid sinusitis
d) Frontal sinusitis
👉 Answer: a) Ethmoid sinusitis
25 – The first sign of cavernous sinus thrombosis is:
a) Headache
b) Diplopia
c) Ptosis
d) Proptosis
👉 Answer: b) Diplopia
26 – In allergic fungal sinusitis, the typical CT finding is:
a) Double density sign
b) Ground glass opacity
c) Air-fluid level
d) Ring enhancing lesion
👉 Answer: a) Double density sign
27 – Fungal ball in sinus is most common in:
a) Ethmoid
b) Maxillary
c) Frontal
d) Sphenoid
👉 Answer: b) Maxillary
28 – Most common fungal organism in sinus infection:
a) Candida
b) Aspergillus
c) Rhizopus
d) Cryptococcus
👉 Answer: b) Aspergillus
29 – Mucormycosis affects mainly:
a) Immunocompromised patients
b) Children
c) Healthy adults
d) Pregnant women
👉 Answer: a) Immunocompromised patients
30 – Black eschar on nasal mucosa is typical of:
a) Aspergillosis
b) Mucormycosis
c) TB
d) Syphilis
👉 Answer: b) Mucormycosis
Section D: Investigations & Treatment (31–40)
31 – First-line investigation for acute sinusitis:
a) MRI
b) Nasal endoscopy
c) X-ray Waters view
d) CT scan
👉 Answer: c) X-ray Waters view
32 – Best investigation for sinus anatomy before surgery:
a) MRI
b) CT scan
c) X-ray lateral
d) Ultrasound
👉 Answer: b) CT scan
33 – Medical management of acute sinusitis includes all EXCEPT:
a) Antibiotics
b) Nasal decongestants
c) Corticosteroids
d) Chemotherapy
👉 Answer: d) Chemotherapy
34 – Surgical management of chronic sinusitis is usually:
a) FESS (Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery)
b) Tonsillectomy
c) Adenoidectomy
d) Septoplasty
👉 Answer: a) FESS
35 – Caldwell-Luc operation is done for:
a) Frontal sinusitis
b) Maxillary sinus disease
c) Sphenoid sinusitis
d) Ethmoid sinusitis
👉 Answer: b) Maxillary sinus disease
36 – The most important landmark during FESS is:
a) Middle turbinate
b) Inferior turbinate
c) Nasal septum
d) Olfactory bulb
👉 Answer: a) Middle turbinate
37 – Balloon sinuplasty is mainly used for:
a) Malignant tumors
b) Chronic sinusitis without polyps
c) Fungal sinusitis
d) Acute sinusitis
👉 Answer: b) Chronic sinusitis without polyps
38 – Which antibiotic is first choice in acute bacterial sinusitis?
a) Amoxicillin
b) Ciprofloxacin
c) Azithromycin
d) Vancomycin
👉 Answer: a) Amoxicillin
39 – Nasal polyps are most commonly associated with:
a) Maxillary sinus
b) Ethmoid sinus
c) Sphenoid sinus
d) Frontal sinus
👉 Answer: b) Ethmoid sinus
40 – Samter’s triad includes all EXCEPT:
a) Nasal polyps
b) Asthma
c) Aspirin sensitivity
d) TB infection
👉 Answer: d) TB infection
Section E: Mixed & Clinical (41–70)
41 – In a child, most common sinus infection is:
a) Frontal
b) Maxillary & Ethmoid
c) Sphenoid
d) None
👉 Answer: b) Maxillary & Ethmoid
42 – Most dangerous complication of sphenoid sinusitis:
a) Meningitis
b) Brain abscess
c) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
d) Otitis media
👉 Answer: c) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
43 – Chronic maxillary sinusitis is best diagnosed by:
a) Nasal endoscopy
b) CT PNS
c) MRI
d) Ultrasound
👉 Answer: b) CT PNS
44 – Kartagener’s syndrome includes all EXCEPT:
a) Sinusitis
b) Situs inversus
c) Bronchiectasis
d) Asthma
👉 Answer: d) Asthma
45 – Headache relieved by lying down is suggestive of:
a) Migraine
b) Tension headache
c) Sinusitis
d) Cluster headache
👉 Answer: c) Sinusitis
46 – Gold standard for fungal sinusitis diagnosis:
a) Nasal swab
b) Histopathology
c) X-ray
d) CT scan
👉 Answer: b) Histopathology
47 – Most common site for antrochoanal polyp origin:
a) Frontal sinus
b) Maxillary sinus
c) Ethmoid sinus
d) Sphenoid sinus
👉 Answer: b) Maxillary sinus
48 – Which sinus is closely related to the pituitary gland?
a) Maxillary
b) Frontal
c) Ethmoid
d) Sphenoid
👉 Answer: d) Sphenoid
49 – Which sinus infection can cause osteomyelitis of frontal bone?
a) Maxillary
b) Frontal
c) Ethmoid
d) Sphenoid
👉 Answer: b) Frontal
50 – Nasal polyps are histologically:
a) Neoplastic
b) Inflammatory
c) Infectious
d) Malignant
👉 Answer: b) Inflammatory
51 – Most common cause of chronic sinusitis:
a) Bacterial infection
b) Fungal infection
c) Allergy
d) Viral infection
👉 Answer: c) Allergy
52 – The commonest symptom of chronic sinusitis:
a) Fever
b) Nasal obstruction
c) Facial swelling
d) Sneezing
👉 Answer: b) Nasal obstruction
53 – Which type of nasal discharge is common in chronic sinusitis?
a) Watery
b) Mucopurulent
c) Bloody
d) Serous
👉 Answer: b) Mucopurulent
54 – Postnasal drip is most common in:
a) Frontal sinusitis
b) Maxillary sinusitis
c) Ethmoid sinusitis
d) Pansinusitis
👉 Answer: b) Maxillary sinusitis
55 – Most common orbital complication of ethmoid sinusitis:
a) Subperiosteal abscess
b) Orbital cellulitis
c) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
d) Orbital apex syndrome
👉 Answer: b) Orbital cellulitis
56 – Which imaging modality is most useful in detecting sinus osteomyelitis?
a) X-ray
b) MRI
c) CT scan
d) Ultrasound
👉 Answer: c) CT scan
57 – Chronic sinusitis is most commonly associated with:
a) Nasal polyps
b) Foreign body
c) Trauma
d) Neoplasm
👉 Answer: a) Nasal polyps
58 – Mucocoele is most common in:
a) Maxillary sinus
b) Frontal sinus
c) Sphenoid sinus
d) Ethmoid sinus
👉 Answer: b) Frontal sinus
59 – Complication of mucocoele includes:
a) Orbital proptosis
b) Epistaxis
c) Deviated nasal septum
d) Nasal polyp
👉 Answer: a) Orbital proptosis
60 – Mucormycosis spreads through:
a) Blood
b) Lymphatics
c) Direct bone invasion
d) Nerves
👉 Answer: c) Direct bone invasion
61 – Orbital apex syndrome involves all EXCEPT:
a) Optic nerve
b) Oculomotor nerve
c) Trochlear nerve
d) Facial nerve
👉 Answer: d) Facial nerve
62 – Invasive fungal sinusitis is more common in:
a) Children
b) Diabetics
c) Healthy adults
d) Elderly only
👉 Answer: b) Diabetics
63 – Which sinus disease causes swelling of inner canthus?
a) Maxillary sinusitis
b) Ethmoid sinusitis
c) Frontal sinusitis
d) Sphenoid sinusitis
👉 Answer: b) Ethmoid sinusitis
64 – Which of the following is NOT an intracranial complication of sinusitis?
a) Meningitis
b) Brain abscess
c) Subdural empyema
d) Tonsillitis
👉 Answer: d) Tonsillitis
65 – Chronic sinusitis patients often complain of:
a) Morning headache
b) Evening fever
c) Nocturnal cough
d) Dysphagia
👉 Answer: a) Morning headache
66 – Complication of frontal sinusitis in children:
a) Pott’s puffy tumor
b) Choanal atresia
c) Nasal polyp
d) Deviated septum
👉 Answer: a) Pott’s puffy tumor
67 – Most fatal complication of sinusitis is:
a) Brain abscess
b) Orbital cellulitis
c) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
d) Pott’s puffy tumor
👉 Answer: c) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
68 – Spread of infection to cavernous sinus is via:
a) Facial vein
b) Maxillary vein
c) Ophthalmic vein
d) Both a & c
👉 Answer: d) Both a & c
69 – Double vision in sinusitis complication indicates:
a) Orbital cellulitis
b) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
c) Ethmoid sinusitis
d) Maxillary sinusitis
👉 Answer: b) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
70 – Frontal sinus is absent at birth and appears at:
a) 2 years
b) 5 years
c) 7 years
d) After puberty
👉 Answer: a) 2 years
Section D: Investigations & Treatment (71–90)
71 – Best radiological view for maxillary sinus:
a) Waters view
b) Caldwell view
c) Lateral view
d) Submentovertical view
👉 Answer: a) Waters view
72 – Best radiological view for frontal sinus:
a) Waters view
b) Caldwell view
c) Lateral view
d) Submentovertical view
👉 Answer: b) Caldwell view
73 – Best radiological view for sphenoid sinus:
a) Waters view
b) Caldwell view
c) Lateral view
d) Towne’s view
👉 Answer: c) Lateral view
74 – X-ray shows air-fluid level in sinus – this suggests:
a) Polyp
b) Mucocele
c) Acute sinusitis
d) Neoplasm
👉 Answer: c) Acute sinusitis
75 – Best diagnostic tool for chronic rhinosinusitis:
a) X-ray
b) CT scan
c) Nasal endoscopy
d) MRI
👉 Answer: b) CT scan
76 – Nasal endoscopy is useful for:
a) Diagnosis
b) Biopsy
c) Surgery guidance
d) All of the above
👉 Answer: d) All of the above
77 – Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) aims to:
a) Remove sinus mucosa
b) Restore ventilation & drainage
c) Close sinus ostium
d) Remove nasal septum
👉 Answer: b) Restore ventilation & drainage
78 – Caldwell-Luc surgery is avoided in children due to:
a) Facial disfigurement
b) Tooth bud damage
c) Orbital injury
d) Anesthesia risk
👉 Answer: b) Tooth bud damage
79 – Drug of choice for mucormycosis:
a) Fluconazole
b) Itraconazole
c) Amphotericin B
d) Ketoconazole
👉 Answer: c) Amphotericin B
80 – Steroids in sinusitis are used mainly for:
a) Bacterial infection
b) Allergic sinusitis
c) Fungal sinusitis
d) TB sinusitis
👉 Answer: b) Allergic sinusitis
81 – Decongestant drops should not be used more than:
a) 3 days
b) 7 days
c) 10 days
d) 2 weeks
👉 Answer: b) 7 days
82 – Overuse of nasal decongestant can lead to:
a) Rhinitis medicamentosa
b) Atrophic rhinitis
c) Epistaxis
d) Nasal polyp
👉 Answer: a) Rhinitis medicamentosa
83 – Which sinus is most commonly operated during FESS?
a) Maxillary
b) Ethmoid
c) Sphenoid
d) Frontal
👉 Answer: b) Ethmoid
84 – Complication of FESS includes injury to:
a) Optic nerve
b) Cribriform plate
c) Nasolacrimal duct
d) All of the above
👉 Answer: d) All of the above
85 – Endoscopic sinus surgery contraindication:
a) Fungal sinusitis
b) Allergic sinusitis
c) Acute bacterial sinusitis
d) Mucocele
👉 Answer: c) Acute bacterial sinusitis
86 – Topical nasal corticosteroid commonly used:
a) Fluticasone
b) Amphotericin
c) Gentamicin
d) Itraconazole
👉 Answer: a) Fluticasone
87 – First line antibiotic in chronic bacterial sinusitis:
a) Amoxicillin-clavulanate
b) Vancomycin
c) Linezolid
d) Rifampicin
👉 Answer: a) Amoxicillin-clavulanate
88 – Which surgery provides permanent drainage for maxillary sinus?
a) Caldwell-Luc
b) FESS
c) Septoplasty
d) Polypectomy
👉 Answer: a) Caldwell-Luc
89 – Balloon sinuplasty works by:
a) Destroying mucosa
b) Dilating sinus ostium
c) Removing polyps
d) Blocking sinus cavity
👉 Answer: b) Dilating sinus ostium
90 – CT scan is preferred over X-ray because:
a) Shows bone and soft tissue
b) Gives 3D view
c) Detects complications
d) All of the above
👉 Answer: d) All of the above
Section E: Mixed & Clinical (91–100)
91 – Most common sinus malignancy site:
a) Maxillary sinus
b) Frontal sinus
c) Ethmoid sinus
d) Sphenoid sinus
👉 Answer: a) Maxillary sinus
92 – Most common benign tumor of sinus:
a) Osteoma
b) Angiofibroma
c) Papilloma
d) Hemangioma
👉 Answer: a) Osteoma
93 – Inverted papilloma arises from:
a) Ethmoid sinus
b) Maxillary sinus
c) Sphenoid sinus
d) Frontal sinus
👉 Answer: b) Maxillary sinus
94 – The triad of sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus is seen in:
a) Kartagener’s syndrome
b) Samter’s triad
c) Young’s syndrome
d) Wegener’s granulomatosis
👉 Answer: a) Kartagener’s syndrome
95 – Typical symptom of sphenoid sinusitis:
a) Retro-orbital pain
b) Cheek pain
c) Toothache
d) Forehead pain
👉 Answer: a) Retro-orbital pain
96 – Commonest age group for antrochoanal polyp:
a) Children & young adults
b) Elderly
c) Infants
d) Middle aged women
👉 Answer: a) Children & young adults
97 – Headache in ethmoid sinusitis is located at:
a) Occiput
b) Inner canthus
c) Cheek
d) Forehead
👉 Answer: b) Inner canthus
98 – Chronic sinusitis in children is often due to:
a) Adenoid hypertrophy
b) Trauma
c) Tumor
d) Smoking
👉 Answer: a) Adenoid hypertrophy
99 – The “silent sinus syndrome” affects:
a) Maxillary sinus
b) Frontal sinus
c) Ethmoid sinus
d) Sphenoid sinus
👉 Answer: a) Maxillary sinus
100 – Most common symptom of sinus tumors:
a) Epistaxis
b) Nasal obstruction
c) Headache
d) Proptosis
👉 Answer: b) Nasal obstruction
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